Poultry culture sanitation and hygiene by Kaupp B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn) 1874-

Author:Kaupp, B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn), 1874-
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Poultry
Publisher: Philadelphia : Saunders
Published: 1920-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

Oats apparently possess a stimulating substance. Johnston, believing that he had separated this active principle in 1885, called it avenine. This principle, according to Sanson, is contained in the hulls WTiile it exerts its effect upon horses, causing them to show metal, yet clo^ observation has apparently not been made to determine if any stimulating effect comes from feeding oats to poultry.

The by-products in the manufacture of oatmeal is oat hulls, which are of low feeding value and can hardly be recommended in poultry feeding.

From these mills there may be obtained oat dust, which ranks close to the grain in composition and could be used in dry mash. Oat shorts, another good constituent for mash, is higher in nutrients, containing 12.5 per cent* protein, 46.9 per cent, carbohydrates, and 2.8 per cent. fat.

The form in which oats is most often fed is as follows— whole oats, either clipped or undipped, constitute a part of the morning and evening scratch feed; rolled oats and pin-head oats for baby chicks; hulled oats for broiler-size chicks; sprouted oats for succulent feed.

Rice has not come into general use as a poultry feed. It is low in protein and fat, as can be seen by referring to the table of digestibility of food nutrients, but on the other hand it is rather high in carbohydrates, of which nutrient there is 72.2 per cent, digestible.

There are some by-products of rice of which rice hulls is one. This by-product consists of cellulose, which is very hard, woody, and cannot be reconunended for poultryfceding. Rice bran consists of the outer portion of the rice grain with some of the germ. It contains 5.3 per cent, protein, .3 per cent, fat, and 45.1 per cent, carbohydrates.

Another by-product is rice poUsh, which is a dust-Uke powder rich in nutrients. It could well form a part of the dry mash in locaUties where it can be purchased at a reasonable price. It contains 9.0 per cent, protein, 6.5 per cent, fat, and 56.4 per cent, digestible carbohydrates.

Buckwheat is extensively grown in some locaUties and, where it can be purchased at a reasonable price, may prove profitable in the ration.

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286 POULTRY CULTURE \

It will be noted that buckwheat is lower in digestible nutrients than com, wheat, or oats; hence, to be profitable as a feed, must be purchased at a much lower figure.

There are several by-products in the manufacture of buckwheat flour.

The hulls are black and woody and cannot be recommended for poultry feeding.

Buckwheat middlings is a by-product in the manufacture of flour, and contains much of the material of the grain just inside the hull. It may well form a part of the dry mash, since it contains 22.0 per cent, digestible protein, 5.4 per cent, fat, and 33.4 per cent, carbohydrates.

Usually the hulls and middlings constitute buckwheat bran; its hull content makes this feed undesirable for poultry rations.

Buckwheat shorts contain 21.1 per cent, protein, 5.5 per cent, fat, and 33.5 per cent, carbohydrates.

Fifty-two pounds of buckwheat constitute a bushel.

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